Alopecia is a common dermatological condition that may have significant psychosocial consequences, particularly in women, leading to anxiety and depressive reactions, impaired social adaptation and decreased quality of life. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of quality of life in female patients with diffuse alopecia of different etiologies depending on the degree of mental maladaptation and to determine the relationships between quality of life indicators, psychopathological symptoms and psychosocial adaptation.

A total of 153 female patients with diffuse alopecia were examined. According to etiopathogenetic mechanisms, two groups were identified: patients with metabolic alopecia (45 individuals) and mixed alopecia (108 individuals). Based on clinical and psychodiagnostic assessment (HARS, HDRS, SCL-90-R), patients were divided into three groups: without signs of mental maladaptation, with individual signs of maladaptation, and with adjustment disorders. Quality of life was assessed using the Mezzich Quality of Life Index. Correlation analysis was performed between quality of life indicators, psychopathological symptoms and psychosocial adaptation.

Patients with mixed alopecia demonstrated significantly lower quality of life scores compared to patients with metabolic alopecia, especially in psychological well-being, interpersonal interaction, socio-emotional support and personal fulfillment. A clear relationship was found between the degree of mental maladaptation and quality of life indicators. Negative correlations were found between quality of life and the severity of depression, anxiety and somatoform symptoms, and positive correlations with psychosocial adaptation.

Quality of life in patients with diffuse alopecia depends on the genesis of the disease and the degree of mental maladaptation, which justifies the need for a comprehensive biopsychosocial approach to treatment and rehabilitation.