The acute phase of ischemic stroke (IS) is always accompanied by significant changes in the cytokine status of patients, which affects the further course of disease, determines the severity and prognosis. The purpose of the research was to study complex features peculiarities of changes in cytokine profile in patients of various degrees of severity in the acute phase of IS to optimize diagnosis and identify new prognostic factors

Immunological monitoring of 350 patients with IS was performed to determine the plasma levels of main pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The results of the study showed high levels of these substances in debut of IS and in dynamics of the disease, which determined the severity of patients. The data obtained allowed us to develop new prognostic criteria for severity in the acute phase of IS.

The levels of proinflammatory (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the serum of 350 patients with IS during hospitalization on the 1st, 10th and 21st day of treatment were performed.

The plasma concentration of IL-6 in the debut of the disease can reach 32.75 ± 3.44 pg/ml. The levels from 34.77 ± 2.9 pg/ml to 35.26 ± 1.96 pg/ml indicate the severity of local inflammatory response. The levels of TNF-α at day 1 reaches 16.13 ± 0.77 pg/ml unfavorable for the forecast should be considered concentrations within 18,69 ± 0,64 — 18,87 ± 0,83 pg/ml. On the 1st day, the concentration of IL-4 can reach 4.51 ± 1.67 pg/ml, and IL-10 — 2.36 ± 0.31 pg/ml. High levels of IL-4 in serum from 5.15 ± 1.17 pg/ml to 5.42 ± 0.27 pg/ml, and IL-10 from 2.48 ± 0.33 pg/ml to 2.57 ± 0.11 pg/ml can indicate a significant intensity of inflammatory processes in the lesion area, which is also always adversely affected by the outcome of the disease.