The relationships between the nature of the prognosis, normal and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory (INF-γ, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-12), the prevalence of haplotypes AA and AG in 105 patients with sporadic form (recurrent course (RС) — 72, progressive types of course (PTС) — 33) and in 33 patients with family form (RС — 15, PTС — 18) of multiple sclerosis.

Studies have shown that with RС, a favorable and uncertain prognosis in patients with a sporadic form of MS was significantly more likely to occur with a normal level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-12), while in a familial form, a normal level of IL-10 was associated with a favorable and IL-12 — with an uncertain forecast. With PTС in patients with a sporadic form, the normal INF-γ content was more likely to occur with an unfavorable prognosis, while its increased content was characteristic of an uncertain prognosis. In the family form, an unfavorable prognosis was more common with an elevated level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine INF-γ and a normal level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

This suggests that a complex and differentiated interaction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines occurs with the participation of various pathogenetic mechanisms for different forms and types of course.

Uncertain prognosis in familial form of RT, unlike sporadic, was more common in patients with AA haplotype. A comparative assessment of the relationship between AA and AG haplotypes revealed the predominance of AA haplotype with an uncertain prognosis in patients with familial form of RT. Haplotype AG was significantly more common in the family form of PTT and did not depend on the nature of the prognosis. Thus, the prevalence of AA and AG haplotypes in both sporadic and familial forms revealed a close relationship with the nature of the prognosis and the type of course.