The purpose of researches is the studying of condition of mental health of the civilians who have endured by battle actions, in a month after their termination. By means of civil variant of the Mississippi Scale for CombatRelated PTSD 242 workers of Slov’ians'k thermal power station are surveyed, including 91 woman and 151 man of comparable age (41.19 ± 1.22 years and 40.98 ± 1.02 years, accordingly at p > 0.05). It is established that signs of raised level of adaptation disorders (with probable formation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)) are found out at least in 3.3 % of civilians (in conditions of destruction of 2 % of available housing and 0.21 % mortality of population, after one month after the termination of battle actions). At extrapolation of this data on all civilians who are or being now in a zone of battle actions (3—5 million person) is received the expected size of prevalence of serious adaptation disorders and PTSD at level, at least 100—150 thousand persons. The data about structural distinctions of adaptation disorders in men and women who endured by battle actions is discussed.