The purpose of the study: is to conduct a comparative analysis of clinical parameters at different time stages and to assess their prognostic value in sporadic and familial forms of multiple sclerosis using mathematical analysis.

Methods: questionnaire-based survey, clinical and neurological, mathematical and statistical (mean values, confidence interval, permutation test, Student’s test, OR value, correlation analysis using Yule’s coefficient), which were used in various combinations and complemented each other.

A total of 97 patients were examined: sporadic form — 55 (relapsing-remitting 31 (RR), progressive types of course (PTC) — 24); familial form — 42 (RR — 20, PTC — 22).

A comprehensive analysis of the different time stages of the course in RR and PTC in sporadic and familial forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) was carried out (debut, relapsing stage (RS) for RR and secondary progressive course (SPC), progression stage (PS) for SPC and primary progressive course (PPC), current prognosis — favourable, uncertain, unfavourable). The mean values revealed significant differences between clinical parameters at different time stages in the two forms of RR and PTC MS, which prevailed in the familial form and indicated a more severe and unfavourable course (increased severity of debut and relapses in RP, incomplete remissions after debut, short RR, steady progression, uncertain prognosis in RR and unfavourable prognosis in PTC). Using the odds ratio (OR) and permutation test, we obtained significant differences between clinical parameters in the three groups of patients (general, RR and PTC) in the form of differentiated “sets” in each of the study groups, which closely correlated with prognostic options in PTC and testified in favour of an uncertain prognosis in sporadic and unfavourable prognosis in familial forms of MS. A limited number of indicators were obtained in the MS RR, which had no significant informative value. When applying correlation analysis using Yule’s coefficient between clinical indicators within a single nosological form (MS), different levels of organisation of relations (intra- and interstage) were obtained, which were characterised by significant differences in the structural organisation at different stages in sporadic and familial forms of RR and PTC MS.