UKRAINS'KYI VISNYK PSYKHONEVROLOHII

The Scientific and Practical Journal of Medicine
ISSN 2079-0325(p)
DOI 10.36927/2079-0325
Home » Archive of numbers » 2025 » Volume 33, issue 2 (123) » THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS (analytical review of the literature)

THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS (analytical review of the literature)

Authors

Type of Article

  • Scientific Article

In the Section

  • LITERATURE REVIEW

Key words

Index UDK:
  • 59.9:616-057.16:174

Abstract

The article is devoted to the topical issue of emotional burnout in mental health workers. The presented analysis of the literature covers information from the formation of the concept of emotional burnout to the latest research on this phenomenon in the specified category of persons in modern conditions of complex influence of stress factors, among which the most massive is war. It has been established that the number of scientific publications devoted to aspects of emotional burnout in medical workers, in particular mental health specialists, has significantly increased in recent years. Interest in depth study of this phenomenon today is primarily due to its prevalence, and therefore the need to find effective mechanisms for overcoming it. At the same time, studies of burnout syndrome (BS) in psychiatrists and narcologists are not widely enough covered and represent a relatively small proportion.

Medical workers are exposed to high levels of stress during their professional activities, as a result of which they are particularly vulnerable to the occurrence of BS. In modern conditions, specialists of various specialties were forced to take on a heavy burden of the consequences of military operations and faced changes in working conditions in life-threatening circumstances. Additional psychological burden falls on mental health workers, who not only face the traumatic experiences of patients, but also fall under the inflated expectations of society regarding their own psycho-emotional resilience. BS in medical workers has negative consequences not only directly for doctors, but also for patients and the health care system as a whole. In today’s difficult conditions, special attention should be paid to identifying the causes of burnout, related disorders, their timely diagnosis and prevention, and identifying factors that can contribute to increasing the resilience of specialists and stabilizing the microclimate in workplaces. The data obtained can be used as the basis for further theoretical and practical research in this area.

Pages

  • 64-73

Year / Issue

Download PDF

References

  1. Maruta N. O., Chaban O. S. Features of emotional burnout in workers in the field of neurological and mental health care // Ukrainian Journal of Psychoneurology. 2021. Vol. 29, Issue 2 (107). С. 14-20. Maruta N.O., Chaban O.S. [Features of emotional burnout in neurological and mental health workers]. Ukrains'kyi visnyk psykhonevrolohii. 2021;29, 2(107):14-20. doi: https://doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-V29- is2-2021-2.  (In Ukrainian).
  2. Lipsitt DR. Is Today’s 21st Century Burnout 19th Century’s  Neurasthenia? J Nerv Ment Dis. 2019;207(9):773-777. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001014
  3. Asanov A, Asanov I, Buenstorf G. Mental health and stress level of Ukrainians seeking psychological help online. Heliyon, Volume 9, Issue 11, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21933
  4. Prib H., Beheza L., Markova M., Raievska Y., Lapinska T., Markov A. Psycho-Emotional Burnout of the Personality in the Conditions of War. Journal of Intellectual Disability – Diagnosis and Treatment. 2023, 11(1), 36–46. doi: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.01.5
  5. West CP, Dyrbye LN, Erwin PJ, Shanafelt TD. Interventions to prevent and reduce physician burnout: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016;388(10057):2272-2281. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31279-X
  6. Shanafelt TD, Dyrbye LN, West CP. Addressing physician burnout: the way forward. JAMA. 2017;317(9):901–2. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.0076
  7. Panagioti M, Geraghty K, Johnson J, Zhou A, Panagopoulou E, Chew-Graham C, et al. Association between physician burnout and patient safety, professionalism, and patient satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(10):1317–1330. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3713 (Retraction published JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Jul 1;180(7):931. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1755 .)
  8. Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. Medical personnel, COVID-19 and emotional impact. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112952. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112952
  9. Rothenberger DA. Physician burnout and well-being: a systematic review and framework for action. Dis Colon Rectum. 2017;60:567–76. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000000844
  10. Bridgeman PJ, Bridgeman MB, Barone J. Burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2018;75:147–52. doi: https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp170460
  11. Low ZX, Yeo KA, Sharma VK, Leung GK, Mcintyre RS, Guerrero A, et al. Prevalence of burnout in medical and surgical residents: a metaanalysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091479
  12. Shanafelt, T. D., West, C. P., Dyrbye et Changes in burnout and satisfaction with work-life integration in physicians during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2022;97(12):2248-2258. doi:  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.09.002
  13. Rotenstein L.S., Torre M., Ramos M.A., Rosales R.C., Guille C., Sen S. et al. Prevalence of Burnout Among Physicians: A Systematic Review. JAMA, 2018;320(11):1131–50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.12777
  14. Kim M.H., Mazenga A.C., Simon K., Yu X., Ahmed S., Nyasulu P. et al. Burnout and self-reported suboptimal patient care amongst health care workers providing HIV care in Malawi. PLOS ONE. 2018;13(2):e0192983. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192983
  15. Freudenberger H.J. Staff Burn-Out. Journal of Social Issues. 1974;30(1):159–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x
  16. Maslach C. Job burnout — how people cope. Public Welfare. 1978. Vol. 36. P. 56–58.
  17. Maslach C., Jackson S.E. The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour. Vol.  2, No.  2 (Apr., 1981), pp. 99-113., 1981; (2): 99-113. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3000281
  18. Pines, A.M., Aronson, E., Kafry, D. Burnout. From Tedium to Personal Growth New York: The Free Press, 1981. (345–356). https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?reference id=1415513
  19. Van Dierendonck, D., Schaufeli, W. B., & Sixma, H. J. Burnout among general practitioners: A perspective from equity theory. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 1994;13(1), 86–100. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1994.13.1.86
  20. Frith, G. H., & Mims, A. Burnout among Special EducationParaprofessionals. Teaching Exceptional Children. 1985;17(3), 225–227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/004005998501700312).
  21. Iwanicki, E. F., & Schwab, R. L. A cross validation study of theMaslach Burnout Inventory. Educational and psychological measurement. 1981;41(4),1167-1174. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644810410042
  22. Perlman, B., & Hartman, E. A. Burnout: Summary and Future Research. Human Relations. 1982;35(4):283–305. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267820350040
  23. Herasymenko L. O. Skrypnikov A. M., Isakov R. I. [Reaction to severe stress and adjustment disorders]. Kyiv, 2023. 120 p. (In Ukrainian).
  24. World Health Organization [Internet]. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (version 01/2023): QD85 Burnout [cited 2022 Dec. 19]. https://icd.who.int/browse/2025-01/mms/en
  25. Bianchi R, Schonfeld IS, Laurent E. Is it time to consider the “burnout syndrome” a distinct illness? Front Public Health. 2015;3:158. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00158
  26. Bridgeman PJ, Bridgeman MB, Barone J. Burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2018;75:147–52. doi: https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp170460
  27. Halbesleben JR, Rathert C. Linking physician burnout and patient outcomes: exploring the dyadic relationship between physicians and patients. Health Care Manage Rev. 2008;33:29–39. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HMR.0000304493.87898.72
  28. Salyers M.P., Bonfi ls K.A., Luther L. The Relationship Between Professional Burnout and Quality and Safety in Healthcare: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2017;32:475–482. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-016-3886-9
  29. Hewitt DB, Ellis RJ, Chung JW, et Association of surgical resident wellness with medical errors and patient outcomes. Ann Surg. 2021;274(2):396-402. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000003909.
  30. Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Massie FS, Power DV, Eacker A, Harper W, et al. Burnout and suicidal ideation among U.S. medical students. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:334–41. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-5-200809020-00008
  31. Stehman CR, Testo Z, Gershaw RS, Kellogg AR. Burnout, Drop Out, Suicide: Physician Loss in Emergency Medicine, Part I [published correction appears in West J Emerg Med. 2019 Aug 21;20(5):840-841. doi: https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.8.44927.]. West J Emerg Med. 2019;20(3):485-494.
  32. Lo EV, Wei YH, Hwang BF. Association between occupational burnout and heart rate variability: a pilot study in a high-tech company in Taiwan. Medicine. 2020;99:e18630. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000018630
  33. Toker S, Shirom A, Shapira I, Berliner S, Melamed S. The association between burnout, depression, anxiety, and inflammation biomarkers: Creactive protein and fibrinogen in men and women. J Occup Health Psychol. 2005;10:344–62. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.10.4.344
  34. Shanafelt T, Ripp J, Trockel M. Understanding and Addressing Sources of Anxiety Among Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA. 2020;323(21):2133-2134. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.589
  35. Morgantini LA, Naha U, Wang H, et al. Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey. PLoS One. 2020;15(9):e0238217. Published 2020 Sep 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238217
  36. Kröger C. Shattered social identity and moral injuries: Work-related conditions in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S156-S158. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000715
  37. Elhadi M, Msherghi A, Elgzairi M, et al. Burnout Syndrome Among Hospital Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Civil War: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:579563. Published 2020 Dec 11. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579563
  38. Guenette JP, Smith SE. Burnout: prevalence and associated factors among radiology residents in New England with comparison against United States resident physicians in other specialties. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017;209:136-141. doi: https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.16.17541
  39. Malakouti SK, NojomiM, SalehiM, Bijari B. Job stress and burnout syndrome in a sample of rural health workers, behvarzes, in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Psychiatry. 2011;6:70–74.
  40. Rodrigues H, Cobucci R, Oliveira A, et al. Burnout syndrome among medical residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018;13(11):e0206840. Published 2018 Nov 12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206840
  41. Campbell S.M., Ulrich С.М., Grady С. A broader understanding of moral distress. Am. J. Bioeth. 2016; 16(12):2-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2016.1239782
  42. Yuryeva L. N. [Professional burnout in medical workers. Formation, prevention, correction]. Kiyev, 2004. P. 34‐49, 242‐254. (In Ukrainian).
  43. Shanafelt TD, Noseworthy JH. Executive leadership and physician well-being: nine organizational strategies to promote engagement and reduce burnout [Electronic resource]. Mayo Clin. Proc., 2017;92(1):129–146. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.10.004
  44. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; National Academy of Medicine; Committee on Systems Approaches to Improve Patient Care by Supporting Clinician Well-Being. Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout: A Systems Approach to Professional Well-Being. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); October 23, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25521
  45. Bachynska A. V. [Professional emotional burnout of organization employees: a theoretical approach]. Bulletin of the student scientific society "VATRA" of the Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of the KNUTE. Vinnytsia, 2020. P. 48-55.
  46. West C, Dyrbye L, Shanafelt T. Physician burnout: contributors, consequences and solutions. J Intern Med. 2018;283(6):516- 529. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12752
  47. Templeton K, Bernstein C, Sukhera J et al. Gender-Based Differences in Burnout: Issues Faced by Women Physicians. NAM Perspectives. 2019. Discussion Paper, National Academy of Medicine, Washington, DC. doi: https://doi.org/10.31478/201905a
  48. Wiederhold BK, Cipresso P, Pizzioli D, et al. Intervention for Physician Burnout: A Systematic Review. Open Med (Wars). 2018;13:253-263. Published 2018 Jul 4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2018-0039
  49. West CP, Dyrbye LN, Sinsky C, et al. Resilience and Burnout Among Physicians and the General US Working Population. JAMA Netw. Open. 2020;3(7):e209385. Published 2020 Jul doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkop en.2020.9385
  50. Sibeoni J, Bellon-Champel L, Mousty A, Manolios E, Verneuil L, Revah-Levy A. Physicians’ Perspectives About Burnout: a Systematic Review and Metasynthesis. J Gen Intern Med. 2019;34(8):1578-1590. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05062-y
  51. Olkinuora M, Asp S, Juntunen J, Kauttu K, Strid L, Aärimaa M. Stress symptoms, burnout and suicidal thoughts in Finnish physicians. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1990;25(2):81-86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00794986
  52. Jorgensen R, Pristed SG, Jepsen I, Christensen AE, Telleus GK. F87. Burnout in mental health professionals working with acute and non-acute in-patients with psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2019;45(Suppl 2):S286-S287. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz018.499
  53. O’Connor K, Muller Neff D, Pitman S. Burnout in mental health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and determinants. Eur Psychiatry. 2018;53:74-99. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.06.003
  54. Yang S, Meredith P, Khan A. Stress and burnout among healthcare professional working in a mental health setting in Singapore. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;15:15-20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2015.04.005
  55. American Psychiatric Association. A Report by the American Psychiatric Association Board of Trustees Ad Hoc Work Group on Psychiatrist Well-being and Burnout. 2018. Item 11.B. 8 p. https://www.psychiatry.org/getmedia/5f5cf9ac-3de4-42c1-9e89-0d253361f1c6/APA-BOT-Workgroup-Psychiatrist-Wellbeingand-Burnout.pdf Psychiatrist Well-being and Burnout
  56. Yuryeva L.N., Shusterman T.I., Marchenko B.Yu. [Burnout and Depression in Psychiatric Workers: Causes and Strategies for Overcoming Them (According to Experts). Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology. 2020;11(3):445-456. https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2020.11.3.002.   (In Russian).
  57. Yuryeva L.N. [Educational programs on burnout prevention among healthcare professionals in mental health field]. [Educational programs on burnout prevention among healthcare professionals in mental health field]. Ukrains'kyi visnyk psykhonevrolohii. 2017, vol. 25, issue 4 (93), pp. 11-14. (In Russian).
  58. Yurieva L.M., Nosov G., Nikolenko A.E. [Postgraduate training in psychiatry in the prevention of emotional burnout syndrome among psychiatrists]. Medical Education. 2018, no. 3, pp. 82-84. https://doi.org/10.11603/me.2414-5998.2018.3.8896.  (In Ukrainian).
  59. Kane L. Medscape US Physician Burnout & Depression Report 2022: Stress, Anxiety and Anger. Medscape [Internet]. 2024 Jan. 21 [cited 2025 Apr. 19]: 1–26. https://www.medscape.com/slideshow/2024-lifestyle-burnout-6016865
  60. Wuntakal, Balaji; Padmanabhi, Uma Rani. Burnout amongst Psychiatrists. Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum. 2023;2:50- 52. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_36_22
  61. Isakov R. I., Herasymenko L.O. [Burnout syndrome]. NeuroNEWS. Psychoneurology and neuropsychiatry. 2024;6(151):24–27. https://neuronews.com.ua/uploads/issues/2024/5-6(151)/nn24_5-6_24-27.pdf (In Ukrainian).
  62. Jones M, Fear NT, Greenberg N, t al. Do medical services personnel who deployed to the Iraq war have worse mental health than other deployed personnel? Eur J Public Health. 2008;18(4):422-427. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckn03
  63. Kalnysh V. V., Opanasenko V. V., Zaitsev D. V., Alieksieieva L. M. [Transformation of feelings associated with the level of emotional burnout during the restoration of the functional state of military personnel in inpatient treatment]. Occupational Health, 2021, 17 (2), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2021.02.084. (In Ukrainian).
  64. Yakovytska L. S. [Professional burnout of specialists during war. Intergroup interaction in wartime: identities, worldviews, overcoming trauma]: materials of the roundtable (Kyiv, June 9, 2022). P. 67-69. (In Ukrainian).
  65. Hromtseva, Olena & Striukov, Vasyl. A gender-oriented approach to management of emotional burnout among doctors and nurses in wartime. Economies’ Horizons. 2022. 17. 94-110. https://doi.org/10.31499/2616-5236
  66. Botiakova V.V. Prevalence of burnout syndrome among medical professionals in Ukraine from 2018 to 2022. Art of Medicine, 1 (25), 2023. P. 92-100. doi: https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.92
  67. Owoc, Jakub and Mańczak, Małgorzata and Olszewski, Robert and Shevchuk, Oksana and Zaporozhan, Stepan and Korda, Mykhaylo. Can War Help in Better Understanding of Burnout Phenomenon? A Cross Sectional Study of Burnout in Ukrainian Medical Staff. Preprints with The Lancet. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4757684
  68. Alhaffar BA, Abbas G, Alhaffar AA. The prevalence of burnout syndrome among resident physicians in Syria. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2019 Dec 10;14:31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-019-0250-0
  69. Levin T. [Predictors, descriptors and components of emotional burnout in psychiatrists during the war: relationships, complex and mathematical models of development and prognosis]. Psychosomatic medicine and general practice. 2023;8(20):e0802438. doi: https://doi.org/10.26766/pmgp. v8i2.438. (In Ukrainian).

Journal’s Indexing:

UKRAINS'KYI VISNYK PSYKHONEVROLOHII

The Scientific and Practical Journal of Medicine

ДУ «ІНПН імені
П.В. ВОЛОШИНА
НАМН УКРАЇНИ»